The EU is China's most important home appliance export market, exports accounted for 20%, the continuous improvement of home appliance safety standards, to the relevant enterprises have brought three major problems: design and production requirements, returns to the wall increased risk, rising testing costs.
Recently, the European Electrotechnical Standardization Committee (CENELEC) issued the 2012 version of the EU general safety standard for household appliances. — EN 60335-1:2012 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances Part I: General requirements has been implemented since 21 November 2012, and the final date for withdrawal of Member State standards in conflict with this standard is 21 November 2014.
Three content revisions
Requirements for key components: First, the insulation requirements for the power cord of Class III appliances are increased, and it is clear that the power cord can withstand 500V voltage for 2min without being broken down; The second is to strengthen the safety requirements of the motor running capacitor to prevent the danger of electric shock caused by capacitor discharge; Thirdly, the constant of the motor winding with different copper content is distinguished to make the temperature rise of the winding with different materials closer to the reality; Fourth, the functional safety requirements for the use of programmable electronic circuits including software validation requirements and the structural safety of power lines connected to fixed wiring have been modified.
Appliance insulation safety requirements: First, it is clear that the small parts are replaced by the burning index of the hot wire test, and further make the pre-selected options consistent with the finished product test options; The second is to increase the thickness of the accessible parts of the reinforced insulation composed of a single layer of material to prevent the risk of breakdown and electric shock of such parts; The third is to increase the different requirements of insulation in different working states, such as the insulation requirements covered in the switching mode power supply circuit to withstand high frequency voltage.
Definition and explanation requirements: First, two definitions of small parts and deliberately set weak parts are added to make the judgment more clear; The second is to unify the standard symbols and safety instructions of Class III appliances, so as to facilitate users to distinguish between different types of appliances.
Home appliance companies face three challenges
China is a major exporter of home appliances, according to statistics, in 2012, a total of 49.478 billion US dollars exported home appliances, an increase of 6.76%. Ningbo is one of the three major home appliance industry bases in China, with a number of famous brands such as Oaks, Fidelity, Fangtai, Wellcome and Shuaikang. In 2012, the export of home appliances more than 120,000 batches, the value of 5 billion US dollars, the EU is China's main home appliance export market, exports accounted for 20%, the continuous improvement of home appliance safety standards, to the relevant enterprises have brought three major problems:
Higher design and production requirements. The new standard requirements involve raw materials, structure, function and many other aspects of the product, some old products because they do not meet the new standard need to be updated and transformed, enterprises need to conduct standard compliance checks on all products, redesign the product structure, make labels and instructions, so the production design procurement cost will be greatly increased. The vast majority of small home appliance enterprises often lack independent research and development ability, product profit margin is less than 10%, readjust the structure, will invest a lot of money in product mold research and development, etc., making the initial production of new products zero profit or negative profit, which is the first big challenge for enterprises.
Increased risk of return to the wall: The implementation of the new home appliance safety standards, mainly on the key components of the product, structure, identification and description of the safety has been adjusted and updated. From the perspective of returns in recent years, key components, structure and identification are common unqualified items, such as power cord specifications, shell thickness, and product nameplate instructions. After the implementation of the standard, more stringent project requirements will increase the risk of product nonconformity, so it is foreseeable that in the future, more goods may be returned or even reported due to such nonconformity. Hit a wall ” The risks will increase dramatically.
Testing costs are rising: Before putting home appliances on the EU market, they must meet the requirements of the EU low voltage Directive and related harmonized standards. And labeled with < a href = "http://www.globalgd.com/cerenzhengbiaozhun/" > < strong > CE mark < / strong > < / a >. This is a mandatory requirement of the European Union law for electrical products. The appliance standard change version, is bound to make all exports of EU appliances are product certification change test, to the relatively authoritative German TUV Rheinland, for example, a single model of a product CE certification price is more than 10,000 yuan, and if it is GS certification, the price needs to double. Different models of multiple products at the same time to change the version of the test, the export enterprises is undoubtedly a large burden.
Xingyuan Technical Service Company suggested: in the near term, the export market structure should be promoted from the traditional market to the comprehensive development of diversified markets. While consolidating traditional markets such as Europe, the United States and Japan, we should vigorously expand emerging markets in developing countries such as ASEAN, South Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and Eastern Europe, which have huge potential for home appliance demand and renewal space; Second, actively explore the domestic market, compared with the weak export market, the domestic home appliance market in “ Home appliances to the countryside ” , “ Energy saving and benefiting the people” And “ Trade-ins ” With the support of other policies, the overall scale maintained growth in 2013 “ Urbanization ” The work will be promoted to a higher level, and the accompanying rigid demand for home appliances will continue to be released, and the opportunities are relatively large.
In the long run, core technology research should be strengthened to promote product exports through enterprise transformation. From the current situation of China's home appliance manufacturers, most enterprises lack core technology, lack the right to speak in key links such as product design and sales, are at the bottom of the profit chain, and are often led by foreign technology trade measures. In addition, it is suggested that in order to fundamentally overcome the impact of technology trade measures, it is necessary to increase the core technology research, change from labor-intensive to technology-intensive, from price advantage to technological advantage, and promote the export of products through the transformation and upgrading of enterprises. At the same time, the relevant government departments need to build a platform to help enterprises participate in the formulation of international standards. Participating in the formulation of international standards can enable enterprises to understand the changing trend of standards in the first time, understand the reasons for changes in standards, increase the response time, improve the effectiveness of response, and avoid detdetments.
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